For Small and Medium Sized businesses, here is how it is normally organized:
Typically an accountant will set up a chart of accounts that lists different types of balance sheet items and P&L items. Then each transaction is recorded with a defined account code plus a entity identifier (e.g., Salary Account, Marketing Dept) and sometimes a high-level product/project code (e.g., Sales Account, Western Region, Product "A").
Typically only some balance sheet items are organized by entity and/or product, but not all. e.g., Cash is normally not separated but fixed assets (e.g., computers) might be.
Typically whatever system you are using for accounting will then be able to pull P&L's by entity and/or product/project codes.
There are many variations, but those are the basics. Contact a good accountant (not just a bookkeeper) to set up the Chart of Accounts for you.
Categories: Operations and Legal
Hey Guys,
I was wondering - how do you commonly organize internals? Surely, most software services companies have similar requirements, earn money through projects and spend them on salaries.
But from an accounting system point of view, do you account things in a normal/simple way (profit = revenue - cost) or a bit more detailed (profit = revenue - cost of service sold - cost of sales - cost of infrastructure - cost of management - other administrative expenses) or do you maybe even go as far as to give every entity within the organization it's own balance sheet (so that each team for example 'pays rent' to the 'infrastructure' team, the sales team pays for an 'estimate' and each project 'pays' for developers, project managers, etc?
I am interested to find out if there is a better way to do accounting, including project accounting, than what I currently have in my excel based system (which is pretty primitive). I can't currently easily see where the profits and losses are occurring, since I only see the 'bottom line'.
Thanks. Are you aware of any 'standard ways' or 'best practices' for software service companies? I am wondering how other companies book 'bench time' for example, or R&D time, or whether developer salaries are part of 'cost of goods sold' or part of general / fixed costs.
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